Global Warming

Scientists have made the detailed diagram which reflects when and which kinds of flora and fauna will suffer from global warming.

Bill Hea ,from the Potsdam institute of studying of changes of a climate, for the first time has collected together data of last researches on global warming subject which has generalized in the report .

Today , in comparison with 1750 ,when rapid development of the industry has begun , the mid-annual temperature on the Earth has raised on 0,7 degrees on Celsius. The nearest 25 years it can rise on 0,3 degrees.

First of all , it will endanger ecosystems such as tropical woods located on northeast of the Australia, and also high-mountainous droughty plateaus in Africa. In some countries gathering crops will decrease and shortages of clean water will begin.

During this period, when the mid-annual temperature will raise on one degree , expected already in the middle of century, speed of warming will significantly increase. Acceleration of thawing polar ices will lead to considerable reduction of populations of polar bears and walruses.

On the other hand, because of warming in tropical belts, inhabitants of coral reeves will start to die out. In area of the Mediterranean the number of forest fires will bring to that devastate of many insects will increase. Warming of the rivers in Northern America can lead to mass extinction to a trout and a salmon in them . In Southern Africa, Australia and in high-mountainous areas many kinds of flowers will start to disappear, and in China will start to dry up trees, especially broadleaf and hardwood trees .

Shortage of potable water will increase, and for famine can be lost up to 1,5 billion persons.

In the beginning of following century the average temperature will increase for three degrees in comparison with 1750. The scientist assumes, that as a result of it , tropical woods of Amazon, high-mountainous flora in Australia, New Zealand and the Europe completely will disappear. Besides this ,many kinds of other plants will start to disappear and coral reeves will finally die out. For famine 5,5 billion persons can be lost (according to all available information, the population of the Earth makes 6,5 billion).

Earlier it was informed, that in the event that the mid-annual temperature on our planet will increase all for 1,3 degrees in comparison with existing, changes of a climate become irreversible. Warming will lead to thawing of a permafrost in Siberia ,and that process will liberate in an atmosphere huge quantity of the methane, one of the basic greenhouse gases.

Because of global warming, mushrooms in the Great Britain now can be collected all year long, informs magazine “Nature” referring to researchers, leaders of supervision in this area .

As the scientists have announce, in the last autumn the mushroom season in the Great Britain proceeded twice longer, than in the fiftieth years. Now its duration reaches 75 days. The gather of mushrooms can be start collected earlier, and to finish gathering gifts of the nature – later.

Some kinds of mushrooms began to appear not only on autumn, but also during the spring period.

Increase of mid-annual temperatures on the British islands has already led to that many birds start to nest earlier, and flowers –begin to bloom earlier, but such radical change, in life cycle of kinds , as occurrence of the additional period of “fructification”, is registered for the first time.

In particular, in the spring in the Great Britain now it is possible to collect mushrooms such as a Fairy Ring Mushroom (Marasmius oreades), Sulphur tuft (Hypholoma fasciculare) and a number of others .

In opinion of naturalists, now it is possible to expect occurrence of mushrooms at any time of a year.

At coast of Caspian sea in Kazakhstan since April, 2007 already died 363 seals (Phoca caspica). On preliminary data of the Ministry of Emergency Measures of Kazakhstan, the reason of destruction of animals became adverse weather conditions.

On preliminary data of the Ministry of Emergency Measures of Kazakhstan, till February, 20th of current year , the most part of Northeast Caspian sea has not been covered by an ice that could be reflected negatively in a population of seals (Phoca caspica ) during time when they have puppies. Since February, 21st - 22nd in connection with approach of frosts, the ice has covered all northern part of the sea, however because of warm weather by March, 20th it has completely thaws, and it could affect a condition of an population growth rate adversely.

As minister of preservation of the environment of Kazakhstan Nurlan Iskakov has declared, the exact reasons of destruction of animals are establishing by the special interdepartmental commission and on it can standing about two weeks. Preliminary researches of internal body parts of dead seals have not revealed the raised maintenance of heavy metals particles and presence of pesticides, also in sea water it was not revealed mineral oils in area of a mass die-off animals.

Minister of preservation of the environment has already disposed to cancel accommodation of any waste at any kinds of drilling on a shelf of Caspian sea. Now, as he said, on a shelf of Caspian sea operates “the principle of zero dump”.

As is known, at Karazhambas and Kalamkas - large oil deposits at coast of Caspian sea in the West of Kazakhstan, intensive oil extracting is conducted already more than 25 years.

In 2000 at the Caspian coast in Mangistausk area was lost about 10,5 thousand seals. Then the reason of their destruction have named a chronic toxicosis. In several years ,by biological features, in an organism of animals collected offshore oil toxins and agricultural pesticides, as has led to intensively decrease in immunity at seals and to their susceptibility to infectious diseases.