In the next several decades the mankind should face closely with a problem of global warming. By estimation, mankind has only two decisions: to limit sharply emissions of hotbed gases, or to start the geo-engineering project directed on cooling of the Earth. However it was found out, that last variant is interfaced to unexpected risk.
Global warming – a theme very essential and mutually that rather ambiguous. The basic anthropogenic factor, which influencing growth of mid-annual temperature, are considered emissions of carbonic gas (CO2) which in an large quantity is formed by burning mineral fuel – coal, gas, oil and their derivatives. Meanwhile it is the basic energy source for our civilization. Because of it in the modern world vicious dependence was established: the higher an economic level of the state, the more it should burn and throw out in an atmosphere.
Therefore so it is difficult to states to agree about reduction of emissions CO2, in fact finally it means essential restrictions for economy. As a result ,the theme of climatic changes becomes a subject of numerous gamble of political logic.
The most authoritative scientific organization which was deal with climatic problems is the Interstate commission of a climate change experts created by United Nations. According to reports of the commission, on the Earth really there is a global warming, and in the last few decades its rates have considerably increased. Growth of temperature partly explain as a natural processes, however at least on half it is caused by activity of the humans.
Experts predict, that by 2100 temperature on the Earth, depending on different “scripts†of demographic and economic growth, will raise on two-four degrees relating to a current level. This, at first sight insignificant, change can lead to pretty serious consequences. As a result of a global drought nearby 3 billion individuals will start to study deficiency of water and the foodstuffs. Due to thawing glaciers the water level at world ocean will grow ,that will turn back flooding of an essential part of a settled land – first of all, densely populated shore. Warming will replace desertification and bogging of considerable territories, distribution of tropical infections … and so on, and so on.
Scientists have listen a lot of the offers, consequent to stop global warming without restriction of emissions of carbonic gas. The essence of the some scientists suggestions is summarized to the following: it is necessary to do something that will make absorbed less sunlight by the Earth surface . Roger Angel has calculated, that for compensation of global warming it is enough to block solar beams a site in diameter on 2 thousand kilometers, having created the shadow area nearby 300 million hectares. With a similar problem could consult the flotilla of the satellites hanging above the Earth in area of equator.
In general the idea of use of orbital reflectors to cooling a planet is not new. Formerly it was heard as device with which it is possible to cool Venus, having prepared it to the future colonization. However in a view of modern realities this idea gets more crucial character – before to think of develop conquer of other planets, it is necessary to take care of our Earth, which itself can turn in heated hell .
Instead of satellites it is possible to use the huge mirrors located on a surface of the Earth. Or to “spray†in the top layers of an atmosphere the particles reflecting a sunlight. Perhaps, the most radical decision is realization of a series of powerful thermonuclear explosions which will lead to “small nuclear winter ” (because of a dust, raised in an atmosphere). In general, the large number of the most different variants is offered.
The group of the American scientists has made an estimation of efficiency and safety similar the geo-engineering projects directed on stabilization of a terrestrial climate. Ken Caldeira, the person in charge of research speaks: ” Almost all inhabitants of the Earth agree that it is necessary for us to undertake something to suspend global warming. Some of the scientists do an emphasis on restriction of emissions of carbonic gas. Geo-engineering projects pretends for a role of reasonable alternative which allows ” to preserve the Earth” in spite of the fact that it disappears part by part. The problem consists that similar projects have somewhat unpredicted consequences. Our research shows, that they are interfaced to risk of planetary range “.
Scientists illustrate the result as follows. We’ll assume, you put the car in a shadow to hasn’t heated up on the sun. In case of sudden disappearance of a shadow speed of its heating will appear much more quickly, than if it stay on pek warm since the morning. Similarly unexpected turning of the global geo-engineering project directed on cooling of the Earth (for example, because of breakage or other power), will lead to extremely sharp growth of mid-annual temperature. Meanwhile rate of climatic changes defines bunch of consequences with which it is necessary to collide terrestrial ecosystem.
From this very simple and obvious conclusion follows: the mankind needs to reduce emissions of carbonic gas as soon as possible.
