1992nd For the first time is signed the international agreement, putting as the task struggle against global warming. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (has take effect in 1994th ) is accepted. In the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, primarily, contained the appeal to the governments of the world to undertake urgent steps on struggle against change of a climate and to reduce emission of ” hotbed gases “. Exact terms and specifications in The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change have not been specified. In 1992 the Convention was signed by representatives of the189 states. For the first time the problem of change of a climate has drawn attention of the basic mass media and world community.
1997th Addition of 84 countries is accepted, which have initially joined to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change ( by the end of 2006 have joined 175 states ). It is more known under the name “The Kyoto Protocol”. In “The Kyoto Protocol” have been specified the major ” greenhouse gases†: carbon dioxide , methane, nitrous oxide, water vapor , hydrofluorocarbon, perfluorocarbon and hexafluoride sulfurs.
The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change initially established, that the basic burden ,for struggle against global warming should bear ,industrially developed - “richest” - countries of the world. They are obliged to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases up to a level of 1990.
If the “richest” country are not in a condition to reform the industry and energetic resources in the sufficient level, they can get ” issue quotas ” in the “poor” countries. Similar transactions can consist, if the country-buyer cannot keep within the quotas of emissions allocated to it, and the country-seller, on the contrary, has “supply”.
Example: In April, 2001 has been accomplished such transaction for the first time: the Netherlands have got quotas (4 megatons of carbonic gas i.e. carbon dioxide) at Poland, Romania and Czech. About cost of this operation there is no any data.
In 2007 this idea continues: the “poor” countries possessing significant forests goods (it is considered, that woods positively influence at climate and interfere with global warming), have suggested the “rich” countries to pay preservation of woods (more precisely ,to compensate the incomes which have been not received as a result of cutting down and processing of woods).
Besides , the “rich” countries are obliged to deliver technologies and to finance scientific researches in sphere of change of a climate which spend the “poor” states. In contrary ,as for developing countries, restrictions have not been imposed for “poor” countries: it was initially provided, that they are not in a condition to carry out so serious and expensive reforms, independently , which can threaten their economy and the state budgets. Developing countries also should follow the policy on reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases after 2012.
1998th. The warmest year for all history of measurements of terrestrial temperature. 1998 is the warmest year in the warmest decade of the warmest century of the millennium.