Global Warming

As London newspaper The Times writes, referring to official Peking, China has faced with the shortage of potable water. The reason for that are constant droughts, pollution and too fast economic development of the country. On each inhabitant of China it is required only a quarter of an average level of daily consumption of water by the person. 300 cities simple haven’t sufficient water.
Half of all water in China goes on irrigation, 70 % as a result are spent for nothing. Besides, five of seven basic rivers of China are seriously polluted.
Pollution and intensive farming means that the most part of water isn’t drinkable. The situation is so serious, that about 70 % of fresh water of China can start to be used not earlier than on following century. Кyu Baoshing, the deputy minister of construction, has announced, that on repeated processing acts less than 50 % of city water, and the sort of 20 % simply escapes from decaying pipes. « Water crisis in our country is sharper, than in any other state of the world », - is recognized by Кyu Baoshing.
Meanwhile, according to the forecasts of the World fund of the wild nature, China awaits the unprecedented catastrophe. The fact is that the global warming
of the Earth’s atmosphere leads to the rapid melting of the glaciers in the Himalayas, the highest mountain ridge of the planet. This process will invariably lead first to the floods, and then to the unprecedented drought in the territory of China, India, Nepal and Vietnam. Hundreds of millions of people will become the victims of colossal cataclysm.
« From the analysis of current trends of change of a climate, it is possible to confirm, that by 2100 the mid-world temperature can rise on 1.4-5.8 degrees of Celsius. This will become authentic catastrophe for such fragile ecosystem as glaciers ». Report of WWF begins in style: « Glaciers, the melting of glaciers and consequences of thawing for Nepal, India and China ».
More than half of the population of entire globe depends on the supplies of the fresh water which is located on high mountains in the form of ices. 70 % of world reserves of fresh water are accessible in the glaciers, therefore in the Himalayas is assembled its greatest quantity, if we do not consider the glaciers of Arctic and Antarctic regions.
The territory covered by glaciers in the Himalayas, is equal 33 thousand square kilometers. Ecologists name the Himalaya glaciers, from which the mankind receives 8.6 million cubic meters of fresh water annually, precisely « a water tower of Asia ». In the Himalayas seven great rivers begin: Ganges, Indus, Brahmaputra, Salween, Mekong, Yangtze and Huang He.
The rivers flowing through 9 countries - India, China, Nepal, Pakistan, Burma, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam and Thailand. On coast of Indus and Ganges, Huang He and Yangtze, in delta of Mekong thousand years ago have arisen the most ancient civilizations; the population of the listed countries, especially India, China, Nepal and Vietnam, is substantially dependent on a condition of the rivers which feed fertile soil. Meanwhile fresh water already now became the limited resource for a greater part of the population of a planet. In 30 years, as authors of the report confirm, the grow of the world population will reduce stocks of water to a minimum.
During the next decades the melting of the glaciers will lead to the unprecedented floods of great rivers and the floods in their flood lands and deltas. Regular rough flooding will lead to erosion of fertile soils. In long-term point of view when amount of ice decreases, droughts will begin. Thus, in the region of the Indian River Ganges the decrease of the inflow of water from the reduced glaciers will deprive of fresh water to two thirds of approximately 500 million person and 37% of irrigated earth.
One more predicted danger – gathering of glacial lakes. The matter is that the thawing glacier leaves after it set of emptiness which is filled with water. These huge “constructions “are extremely unstable. The natural ice caves filled by water periodically break, and water falls in lowlands. As a result, in 1964 gathering of similar lake in China has destroyed many kilometers of a route and has carried 12 lorries with saw-timbers on 71 km! In 1981 the stream from other alike lake was ruined 4 person, has destroyed 51 house, hydroelectric power station, a highway and 8 bridges (among other and the Bridge of Chinese-Nepalese friendship). The damage by catastrophe has made 3 million dollars. In 1985 water of glacial lake in the Chinese area of Dee Tsho have destroyed hydroelectric power station, 14 bridges, 30 houses and farms (only from the last destruction experts have estimated damage in 4 million dollars).
“Glaciers - this is far from simply terrible gifts of nature”, asserts Yao Tan Don, director of the institute of studies of Tibetan plateau from the academy of sciences of China. According to the data of this largest scientific center, by 2050 64% of Tibet glaciers can melt, having left without water 23% (!) the population of China in other words - 300 million person.
In Nepal is a question of a life of 100 % of the population, in fact this country surrounded by mountains, on 100 % depends on a condition of glaciers and the rivers. Thus, in the black list of the first victims of the future natural cataclysms will appear more than 27 million Nepalese, 500 million Indians and 300 million Chinese. To them it is necessary to add victims of inevitable famine and epidemics which will strike at the population of China, Hindustan and Indochina, - their number can exceed 200 million person.

The monastery Einsiedeln, built in the territory of the Swiss canton Shvits in 10 th century , during its long existence knew both rises, and falling . At the heights of the middle ages local abbeys even have guided by the neighboring grounds similarly as powerful princes.
The events of these as all other times are reflected in the chronicles, where monks for a period of centuries scrupulously brought all the facts costing confronting facts - from the politics to the weather. This last information unexpectedly has appeared at the dawn of 21st century, when the mankind has closely occupied in studying the problem of global warming.

Christian Pfister, climatologist from The Bern university, revealed the most valuable scientific material in the ancient manuscripts. After opening them, it is possible to learn, what weather stood in Shvitse practically during any day for a period of ten centuries. “On Eleventh January it was so coldly, that wine froze in bowls , informs, for example, chronics in 1684. - But on the 13th it became even worse, such fierce frost it was not even on the memory of people “. Not flowery medieval metaphors, but precise information, which in the manuscripts is contained in the surplus, of course interest researchers.

Comparing data of centuries-old observations, it is possible to understand that the climate became noticeably “softer” in our time than earlier. In 14 th century, for example, winter were colder, and summer – warmer,this is evident from the comparison of data archive with the results of the contemporary observations of Swiss meteorological service. However, as far as global warming is concerned, its effect can be observed very clearly. Thus, if during entire period of observations from 1900 th to 1990th has been registered altogether only five anomalously warm months, and in the 1990th there were 22.

The contemporary inhabitants of Eynzideln have no any complains about the scientific searches in their libraries and do not consider it their results contradicting the bases of Christian doctrine. “Weather as before is located in the hands of God, -says brother Konrad Khinder, the present “meteorologist” of ancient monastery, -but people should be more cautious and care of a planet which they occupy “.

As it is evident, monastery chronicles can prove to be for the climatologists not less important information source, than data of modern searches. Today researchers study the effects of global climate variation in the material of the melting of polar ices. Their condition shows that indeed come the time to think about the care: at the North Pole ice with each year becomes increasingly less and, judging by the forecasts of scientists, it can disappear entirely in 30 years.