Global Warming

The international expedition of oceanologists has found out full absence of an ice in Laptev Sea. Vessel “Victor Buynitskiy ” with scientists onboard could rise up to 80 degrees of the north latitude and conduct comprehensive studies of the distribution of greenhouse gases at the large depths. The participant of expedition the employee of The Pacific Oceanological Institute - Far East branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Igor Semiletov has told about this today. Before the Titanic, the Fram was the most famous ship in the world.

“We passed those places; where more than a century ago drifted, stopped up in ices, legendary vessel “The Fram” of Fridtjof Nansen, and anywhere have not met icy pour on. Northern seaway practically for entire elongation in this year is passed for the vessels. Temperature of water everywhere is not below plus three degrees of Celsius. This makes the results of our expedition even more significant for understanding of the processes of global warming “, it described Semiletov.

The largest in the program of The International Arctic Year expedition left on the vessel “Victor Buynitskiy ” from the Norwegian port The Kirkiness in the beginning of September. On its board was group of oceanologists from Russia, Canada, USA, Great Britain and Germany. Within 45 days of expedition it was necessary to carry out researches along all Arctic coasts - from the Barents to the East Siberian Sea. Now scientists work in the Laptev Sea, where carry out researches of distribution of greenhouse gases on the large depths of 2 km. Such studies are conducted for the first time. Previously it was possible to obtain data only from the depths of 100 meters.

According to the scientists, similar comprehensive studies at the Arctic continental shelf will make it possible to obtain the qualitatively new data about the entering of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and to forecast the scenarios of the influence of warming of the climate of planet. Far-Eastern oceanologists assume that the warming of climate leads to the destruction of coastal ice complex, a coastal permafrost and the isolation of carbon dioxide and methane, which even more greatly strengthen “greenhouse” effect.

About 70 % of our planet it is covered by water. The biomass of all sea inhabitants - from the algae to the blue whales - makes 90 % of a biomass of all living organisms of a planet. Existence of the majority of representatives of various kinds of sea flora and fauna is connected with coral reeves.

The day of the sea is one of the international days in system of the United Nations. It is celebrated since 1978 in the last week of September by decision of the 10th meeting of the IMCO (International Maritime Consultative Organization).

The purpose of the World day of the sea is to draw attention of the international public to what irreplaceable damage to the seas and oceans rendered by catching fishes, by pollution of basins and by global warming. Two most important tasks - increase of safety at the sea and the prevention of pollution of the sea environment, in particular by oil.

According to the data of United Nations, for last 100 years such kinds of fishes as a tuna, a cod and marlin have been caught on 90 %. About 21 million barrels of oil annually pours out in the seas and oceans. The synthetic wastes, dumped in large reservoirs, are the reason of destruction of one million sea birds and 100 000 sea mammals in a year. Because of global warming for last 100 years the water level in large pools of a planet has risen on 10-25 cm.